This is a companion paper to "A Systematic Survey of the Mesozoic Bivalvia from Japan" (Univ. Mus., Univ. Tokyo, Bull., no. 10, 1975). The purpose of investigation and the principles of classification are essentially the same as were noted in that article, and the systematic catalogues herein also give various basic information about the hitherto described taxa of the Paleozoic and Mesozoic Gastropoda and Paleozoic Bivalvia from Jpan and its adjacent areas.

For the post-Cretaceous gastropods and bivalves, similar handbooks have already been published. Hatai and Nisiyama (1952) compiled "Checklist of Japanese Tertiary Marine Mollusca" and Masuda and Noda (1976) recently published "Checklist and Bibliography of the Tertiary and Quaternary Mollusca of Japan, 1950-1974." Oyama, Mizuno and Sakamoto's (1960) "Illustrated Handbook of Japanese Paleogene Molluscs" is another useful volume. Although the object, format and contents of this volume are different from those of these previous publications, we hope that it will complement them and will provide a basis for understanding the present status of the classification of Japanese fossil gastropods and bivalves.

In the case of Mesozoic Bivalvia from Japan and its adjacent areas, one of us (I. H.) prepared the systematic catalogue as a taxonomic conclusion which was reached on the basis of a large number of published works on particular families and genera and on nearly completed faunal studies. In the case of the Paleozoic-Mesozoic gastropods and Paleozoic bivalves, the circumstances, and especially the stage of investigation, are quite different. The taxa which have been described are only a portion of the total number presumed to have existed, and faunal studies are not completed. Most species, once named, have not been critically studied. Neither biostratigraphers nor paleontologists have paid much attention to these groups, because they are only rarely useful as index fossils and also because they are imperfectly preserved except in a few special cases. Many of the species have been described as "garnishings" in faunal studies rather than the "main dishes" of professional taxonomic studies, notwithstanding the fact that there are many interesting genera and species which seem to be important for the general consideration of molluscan phylogeny and classification.

The described species, about 105 Paleozoic gastropods, 165 Mesozoic gastropods and 120 Paleozoic bivalves, seem to represent only a minor fraction of the actual fossil records in the surveyed areas. The present state of taxonomic studies on these groups is also far from ideal. Thus, the present article is nothing but a preliminary steppingstone for future investigation and improvement.

This article consists of two parts. The first part is concerned with hitherto described taxa of Paleozoic and Mesozoic Gastropoda, and the second part with those of Paleozoic Bivalvia. Two of us are responsible for Part I, while Part II was mostly prepared by one of us (I. H.). Paleozoic gastropods and bivalves from Korea and Cretaceous gastropods from Korea, Saghalin and Taiwan are also subjected to study, since most of their type specimens are now preserved in Japanese institutions.

The format and abbreviations adopted in the present catalogues conform to those in the preceding article on the Mesozoic Bivalvia. The subject under investigation is, however, somewhat extended. Described or illustrated specimens with only generic names were omitted in the preceding article but are included in the present catalogues.

Taxonomic names. —Revised taxonomic names are written in bold-faced letters. A question mark is placed after a generic name, if the generic reference is doubtful, "cf." and "aff." indicate the occurrence of comparable specimen(s) with the next coming taxon and the occurrence of not identical but morphologically similar specimen(s), respectively. Comparable specimen(s) with domestic taxa are commonly listed in synonymies with the prefix "compare." Names of taxa higher than subgeneric are systematically arranged (in many cases in accordance with the Treatise on Invertebrate Paleontology, Parts I and N), and those of species within a genus (or a subgenus) are arranged alphabetically.

Synonymies. —An attempt has been made to provide complete synonyms which appear in descriptive works. Omitted are synonyms from other countries and those in faunal lists containing neither description nor illustration and in various unscientific accounts. For brevity, references are indicated only by author name and date in the text: the full references, of course, will be found in the bibliography. The name of the author of the original publication, if it is the same as the author of the taxon, is not repeated, "sic" means the exact spelling of a taxonomic name is grammatically incorrect. Typographical or other errors are corrected in accordance with the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature.

Type. —Only information about primary type specimen(s) is given. The categories of types, namely, holotype (by original designation unless otherwise stated), syntype and lectotype, are distinguished. Information about the valid designation of lectotype and the figure number, depository, register number and locality of the type-specimen(s) are also given. If only one of the syntype specimens was illustrated in the original description, it is usually designated here as the lectotype; in other cases, however, new designation of lectotype is not made, because such a procedure ideally should be accompanied by particular study on the taxon. The place names of type localities are modernized in accordance with the present administrative division.

Depository. —The following abbreviations are used to indicate the institutions where the type-specimen(s) are actually (or said to be) preserved:

GMH:

Department of Geology and Mineralogy, Faculty of Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo

IGPS:

Institute of Geology and Palaeontology, Faculty of Science, Tohoku University, Sendai

UMUT:

University Museum, University of Tokyo, Tokyo

NSM:

Department of Zoology, National Science Museum, Tokyo

GIYU:

Geological Institute, Faculty of Education, Yokohama National University, Yokohama

UK:

Geological and Mineralogical Institute, Faculty of Science, Kyoto University, Kyoto

ASM:

Akiyoshidai Museum of Natural History [Akiyoshidai Science Museum], Shuho-cho, amaguchi Prefecture

GF:

Department of Geology, Fukuoka University of Education [Fukuoka Gakugei niversity], Munakata-cho, Fukuoka Prefecture

GK:

Department of Geology, Faculty of Science, Kyushu University, Fukuoka

GS:

Department of Geology, Faculty of Education, Saga University, Saga

Age. —Age or stratigraphic range of each taxon in Japan and its adjacent areas is indicated primarily by means of international (or Tethyan) stage names. The ages of non-arine and brackish-water species are inevitably shown with less precision.

Distribution. —Stratigraphic and geographic distribution of each taxon is indicated by the names of strata and areas, though many taxa have been recorded only from the type localities. Distribution in other countries is only briefly noted. The data were derived mainly from previous descriptive studies cited in the synonymies but were partly supplemented by other undescribed materials newly examined. The geographic position of the Paleozoic and Mesozoic areas in question is indicated in the annexed index maps (Figs. 1,2).

Fig. 1. Map showing the distributed areas of Paleozoic formations bearing fossil gastropods and bivalves in Japan and Korea. 1. Miyamori area in Iwate Pref. (Mid. Permian Hiryuyama Formation) 2. Sumita area in Iwate Pref. (Low. Permian Sakamotozawa Formation) 3. Ofunato area in Iwate Pref. (Low. Carboniferous) 4. Yahagi area in Iwate Pref. (Mid. Permian Kanokura Formation) 5. Kesennuma area in Miyagi Pref. (Low. Permian Sakamotozawa Formation/Mid. Permian Kanokura Formation) 6. Karakuwa area in Miyagi Pref. (Up. Permian Kowaragi Formation) 7. Fujisawa area in Miyagi Pref. (Up. Permian Toyoma Formation) 8. Maiya area in Miyagi Pref. (Low. Permian Sakamotozawa Formation) 9. Towa area in Miyagi Pref. (Mid. Permian Tenjinnoki and Rodai Formations) 10. Toyoma area in Miyagi Pref. (Up. Permian Toyoma Formation) 11. Ogachi are a in Miyagi Pref. (Up. Permian Toyoma Formation) 12. Yotsukura area in Fukushima Pref. (Permian Takakurayama Group) 13. Nabeyama area in Tochigi Pref. (Mid. Permian Nabeyama Limestone) 14. Itsukaichi area in Tokyo Pref. (Low. Carboniferous Mitsuzawa Limestone) 15. Omi area in Niigata Pref. (Carboniferous-Permian Omi Limestone) 16. Akasaka area in Gifu Pref. (Permian Akasaka Limestone) 17. Mikata area in Fukui Pref. (Up. Permian Maizuru Group) 18. Maizuru area in Kyoto Pref. (Up. Permian Maizuru Group) 19. Oe area in Kyoto Pref. (Up. Permian Gujo Formation) 20. Ayabe area in Kyoto Pref. (Up. Permian Maizuru Group) 21. Akiyoshi area in Yamaguchi Pref. (Carboniferous-Permian Akiyoshi limestone Group) 22. Isa area in Yamaguchi Pref. (Carboniferous-Permian Akiyoshi limestone Group) 23. Sakawa area in Kochi Pref. (Up.? Permian Katsura Formation/Mid. Permian Ohirayama Limestone of Takaoka Formation) 24. Mifune area in Kumamoto Pref. (Mid. Permian Mizukoshi Formation) 25. Kokai (Kanggyi) area in Heian-hoku-do (Pyongan-bukdo) (Low. Cambrian Protolenus shale) 26. Bantatsu (Mandalsan) area in Heian-nan-do (Pyongan-namdo) (Mid, Ordovician Unkaku beds of Chosen Group) 27. Chuwa (Chunghwa) area in Heian-nan-do (Pyongan-namdo) (Low. to Mid. Cambrian Manto shale of Chosen Group) 28. Kenjiho (Keomipeo) area in Heian-nan-do (Pyongan-namdo) (Low. Ordovician Shorin beds of Chosen group) 29. Koshu (Hwangju) area in Heian-nan-do (Pyongan-namdo) (Low. to Mid. Cambrian Manto shale of Chosen Group/Low. Ordovician Shorin beds of Chosen Group) 30. Hukumen (Buk-myeon) area in Kogen-do (Kangwon-do) (Mid. Cambrian Machari formation of Chosen Group) 31. Sanchoku (Sam-ch'eok) area in Kogen-do (Kangwon-do) (Mid. Ordovician Tsuibon beds of Chosen Group) 32. Heisho (P'yeong-ch'ang) area in Kogen-do (Kangwon-do) (Low.? Permian Jido Group) 33. Neietsu (Yeong-weol) area in Kogen-do (Kangwon-do) (Low. Ordovician Clarkella zone of Chosen Group) 34. Taihakusan (Taebaeksan) area in Kogen-do (Kangwon-do) (Mid. Cambrian to Mid. Ordovician beds of Chosen Group) 35. Bunkei (Mun'g-yeong) area in Keisho-hoku-do (Kyongsang-bukdo) (Cambrian Eiko Formation of Chosen Group/Mid Ordovician Chikunsan beds and Todon Formation of Chosen Group)

Fig. 2. Map showing the distributed areas of Mesozoic formations bearing fossil gastropods in Saghalin, Japan and Korea. 1. Cape Khoi area in north Saghalin (Up. Cretaceous Cape Khoi beds) 2. Alexandrovsk area in north Saghalin (Up. Cretaceous) 3. Shiska area in south Saghalin (Up. Cretaceous Upper Yezo Group) 4. Kawakami colliery area in south Saghalin (Up. Cretaceous Upper Yezo Group) 5. Toyohara area in south Saghalin (Up. Cretaceous Upper Yezo Group) 6. Notoro area in south Saghalin (Up. Cretaceous Upper Yezo Group) 7. Soya (Wakkanai) area in Kitami Prov., Hokkaido (Up. Cretaceous Upper Yezo Group and Hako-buchi Group) 8. Sarufutsu area in Kitami Prov., Hokkaido (Up. Cretaceous Upper Yezo Group) 9. Nakagawa area in Teshio Prov., Hokkaido (Up. Cretaceous Upper Yezo Group) 10. Tappu area in Teshio Prov., Hokkaido (Up. Cretaceous Upper Yezo Group) 11. Uryu area in Ishikari Prov., Hokkaido (Up. Cretaceous Upper Yezo Group) 12. Ikushumbetsu (Mikasa) area in Ishikari Prov., Hokkaido (Up. Cretaceous Middle Yezo Group and Upper Yezo Group) 13. Poronai area in Ishikari Prov., Hokkaido (Up. Cretaceous Middle Yezo Group) 14. Miruto area in Ishikari Prov., Hokkaido (Up. Cretaceous Middle Yezo Group) 15. Manji area in Ishikari Prov., Hokkaido (Up. Cretaceous Middle Yezo Group) 16. Yubari area in Ishikari Prov., Hokkaido (Up. Cretaceous Upper Yezo Group and Middle Yezo Group) 17. Hidaka area in Hidaka Prov., Hokkaido (Up. Cretaceous Upper Yezo Group) 18. Kamihobetsu area in Iburi Prov., Hokkaido (Up. Cretaceous Upper Yezo Group) 19. Hobetsu area in Iburi Prov., Hokkaido (Up. Cretaceous Upper Yezo Group and Hakobuchi Group) 20. Hetonai (Tomiuchi) area in Iburi Prov., Hokkaido (Up. Cretaceous Hakobuchi Group) 21. Urakawa area in Hidaka Prov., Hokkaido (Up. Cretaceous Middle Yezo Group and Upper Yezo. Group) 22. Erimo seamount, ca. 300 km east off the east coast of north Honshu 23. Tanohata area in Iwate Pref. (Low. Cretaceous Miyako Group) 24. Omoto (Iwaizumi) area in Iwate Pref. (Low. Cretaceous Miyako Group) 25. Miyako area in Iwate Pref. (Low. Cretaceous Miyako Group) 26. Omine-mine area in Iwate Pref. (Low. Cretaceous Kamihei Group) 27. Oshima area in Miyagi Pref, (Low. Cretaceous Oshima Formation) 28. Ojika area in Miyagi Pref, (Mid.-Up. Jurassic Ojika Group) 29. Shiogama (Rifu) area in Miyagi Pref. (Mid. Triassic Rifu Formation) 30. Kashitna (Soma) area in Fukushima Pref. (Up. Jurassic Soma Group) 31. Futaba area in Fukushima Pref. (Up. Cretaceous Futaba Group) 32. Nakaminato area in Ibaraki Pref. (Up. Cretaceous Nakaminato Formation) 33. Choshi area in Chiba Pref. (Low. Cretaceous Choshi Group) 34. Nakazato area in Gumma Pref. (Low. Cretaceous Ishido and Sebayashi Formations) 35. Ohinata area in Nagano Pref. (Low. Cretaceous "Shiroi" and Ishido Formations) 36. Ueno area in Gumma Pref. (Low. Triassic Shionosawa Limestone/Low. Cretaceous "Shiroi Formation") 37. Itsukaichi area in. Tokyo Pref, (Mid. or Up. Triassic Arai Formation/Up. Triassic "Entomonotis beds") 38. Furukawa area in Gifu Pref. (Up. Jurassic to Low. Cretaceous Tetori Group) 39. Shokawa area in Gifu Pref. (Up. Jurassic to Low. Cretaceous Tetori Group) 40. Kuzuryu (Izumi) area in Fukui Pref. (Up. Jurassic to Low. Cretaceous Tetori Group) 41. Yakuno area in Kyoto Pref. (Low.-Mid. Triassic Yakuno Group) 42. Nariwa area in Okayama Pref. (Up. Triassic Nariwa Group) 43. Awaji area in Hyogo Pref. (Up. Cretaceous Izumi Group) 44. Nagato area in Yamaguchi Pref. (Low. Cretaceous Kwanmon Group) 45. Takibe area in Yamaguchi Pref. (Low. Cretaceous Kwanmon Group) 46. Toyoda area in Yamaguchi Pref. (Low. Jurassic Toyora Group) 47. Asa area in Yamaguchi Pref. (Low. Cretaceous Kwanmon Group) 48. Yoshimo (Shimonoseki) area in Yamaguchi Pref. (Low. Cretaceous Yoshimo Formation and Kwanmon Group) 49. Dogo-himezuka area in Ehime Pref. (Up. Cretaceous Izumi Group) 50. Monobe area in Kochi Pref. (Low. Cretaceous Monobegawa Group) 51. Kahoku area in Kochi Pref. (Low. Cretaceous Monobegawa Group) 52. Nangoku area in Kochi Pref. (Low. Triassic Kurotaki Limestone) 53. Kochi area in Kochi Pref. (Low. Cretaceous Monobegawa Group) 54. Sakawa area in Kochi Pref. (Up. Jurassic Torinosu Group/Low. Cretaceous Ryoseki Formation) 55. Uonashi area in Ehime Pref. (Mid. Triassic "Ussurites beds") 56. Uwajima area in Ehime Pref. (Up. Cretaceous Uwajima Group) 57. Moji area in Fukuoka Pref. (Low. Cretaceous Kwanmon Group) 58. Kokura-Yahata area in Fukuoka Pref. (Low. Cretaceous Kwanmon Group) 59. Miyata area in Fukuoka Pref. (Low. Cretaceous Kwanmon Group) 60. Kotake area in Fukuoka Pref. (Low. Cretaceous Kwanmon Group) 61. Wakino area in Fukuoka Pref. (Low. Cretaceous Kwanmon Group) 62. Takachiho area in Miyazaki Pref. (Low. Triassic Kamura Formation) 63. Mifune area in Kumamoto Pref. (Up. Cretaceous Mifune Group) 64. Yatsushiro area in Kumamoto Pref. (Low. Cretaceous Kawaguchi Formation) 65. Hinagu area in Kumamoto Pref. (Up. Jurassic Sakamoto Formation/Low. Cretaceous Kawaguchi Formation) 66. Tanoura area in Kumamoto Pref. (Up. Jurassic Sakamoto Formation) 67. Gumizaki area in Kagoshima Pref. (Low. Cretaceous Gumizaki Formation) 68. Goshonoura island in Kumamoto Pref. (Low. to Up. Cretaceous Goshonoura Group) 69. Koshiki islands in Kagoshima Pref. (Up. Cretaceous Himenoura Group) 70. Kelshu area in Keisho-hoku-do (Kyongsang-bukdo) (Cretaceous Shiragi Group) 71. Eisen area in Keisho-hoku-do (Kyongsang-bukdo) (Cretaceous Shiragi Group) 72. Shikkoku area in Keisho-hoku-do (Kyongsang-bukdo) (Cretaceous Naktong Group) 73. Shinshu area in Keisho-nan-do (Kyongsang-namdo) (Cretaceous Naktong Group) 74. Kato area in Keisho-nan-do (Kyongsang-namdo) (Cretaceous Naktong Group)

Illustrations. —Although it is not the purpose of the present article to be directly used for taxonomic identification, 80 selected specimens of Paleozoic and Mesozoic gastropods and 29 of Paleozoic bivalves are illustrated in the annexed plates. Most of them are primary type specimens (holotype, syntype or lectotype) of important species, covering the type-species on which new genera or subgenera were proposed by Japanese authors. Photographs were newly prepared except for several reproduced from existing illustrations (sources shown in the explanation of plates).